Manufacturers have marketed Vortex meters for more than eight years and today these meters are widely accepted for measuring steam flow, gas flow and flow of high viscosity liquids. The Vortex meter has good application in the palm oil process, particularly for measuring steam and water flow.

The steps of phosphoric acid treatment for gum removal and neutralization for FFA reduction in chemical refining were described in Part One of the series. The oil still contains undesirable impurities, odours and color pigments that need to be removed before the finish product will be acceptable to the buyer. These remaining impurities are reduced […]