Palm oil production is a vital component of the global agricultural sector, providing versatile vegetable oil for food, cosmetics, and biofuel applications. However, the industry’s expansion has raised concerns regarding deforestation, biodiversity loss, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, even though it is a decade-old story. Moving forward to address these challenges, sustainable practices, such as those certified by the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC), are increasingly being adopted. The ISCC Guidelines – Waste and Residues from Palm Oil Mill Version 3.0 was published in 2022, in which three types of waste oils i.e., palm oil mill effluent (POME), empty fruit bunches (EFB) and palmpressed (mesocarp) fiber (PPF) were recognised and considered to have zero GHG emission (ISCC, 2024).